Removing product from large stillages or containers

Use solutions with the least risk

Large stillages or containers are frequently used to transfer product between processors and within a plant from one stage to the next. These stillages are normally built to a standard pallet footprint and stand up to 100 cm high.

The following solutions can help employers control risks to employees removing solid product from large stillages or containers in different situations. These solutions may help eliminate or reduce the risk of employees developing a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD).

Solutions are listed in order, from those considered most effective to those considered less effective.

Employers should make sure employees use the handling solutions with the least risk, so far as reasonably practicable.

Solutions with reduced risks are an alternative only if least-risk methods are not reasonably practicable.

Employers should start implementing risk controls for the heaviest or highest-volume products first.

The following guidance also describes high-risk actions that can cause an MSD. Employers have a duty to eliminate or reduce the risk of MSDs so far as is reasonably practicable, and should make sure employees do not perform high-risk actions, if practicable.

Consultation

So far as reasonably practicable, employers must consult with employees and any health and safety representatives (HSRs) when identifying hazards and providing risk control measures. Consultation should include discussions about how employees will remove product from large stillages or containers, making sure that risk control measures do not create new hazards. WorkSafe has guidance on consultation, including consultation with HSRs.

Removing product from stillages or containers on the ground

High-risk actions that can cause an MSD

• Back bending and twisting:
  • more than twice per minute or
  • more than 30 seconds at a time

  for more than 30 minutes continuously or more than 2 hours over the whole shift. These actions may occur in the situations listed or in combination with other work activities.

Potential source of risk

• Stillage or container located on the ground.

Handling solutions

Preferred solutions with the least risk

• Change the container. For example, use a funnelled intermediate bulk container where the product comes out the bottom.
• Use an automated tipper.

Solutions with a reduced risk

• Use a purpose-built stillage lifter and tipper.
• Use stillages with drop-down sides in combination with a pallet lifter. Hand tools such as a rake can be used to reach product and drag it forward in combination with the raised product.

Your legal duties

Employers

The Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (OHS Act) requires employers to provide and maintain a working environment that is safe and without risks to health, so far as reasonably practicable. An employer contravenes this duty if they fail to:

• provide or maintain plant or systems of work that are, so far as reasonably practicable, safe and without risks to health
• make arrangements for ensuring, so far as reasonably practicable, safety and the absence of risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage or transport of plant or substances
• maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, each workplace under the employer's management and control in a condition that is safe and without risks to health
• provide, so far as is reasonably practicable, adequate facilities for the welfare of employees at any workplace under the management and control of the employer
• provide information, instruction, training or supervision to employees of the employer as is necessary to enable those employees to perform their work in a way that is safe and without risks to health

Employers also have an obligation to consult, so far as is reasonably practicable, with employees and any HSRs on matters related to health and safety that directly affect them, or that are likely to directly affect them. This duty to consult also extends to independent contractors, including employees of the independent contractor, engaged by the employer in relation to matters over which the employer has control.

Employees

While at work, employees also have duties under the OHS Act to take reasonable care for their own health and safety and the health and safety of others who may be affected by their acts or omissions in the workplace. Employees must also co-operate with their employer's actions to make the workplace safe and comply with the OHS Act and Regulations.

The WorkSafe website has guidance about the occupational health and safety (OHS) responsibilities of employers and employees.